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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esjl</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Eurasian Scientific Journal of Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Eurasian Scientific Journal of Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2959-4197</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-4200</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет «Туран»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46914/2959-4197-2026-1-3-151-163</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esjl-890</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>УГОЛОВНОЕ ПРАВО, УГОЛОВНЫЙ ПРОЦЕСС</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CRIMINAL LAW, CRIMINAL PROCESS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цифровые активы как предмет преступления: проблемы квалификации хищения и мошенничества</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Digital assets as the subject of crime: problems of qualification of theft and fraud</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2033-6260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жумагулова</surname><given-names>Ш. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhumagulova</surname><given-names>Sh. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ю.н., ассоциированный профессор</p><p>г. Кызылорда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>c.l.s., associate professor</p><p>Kyzylorda</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jumagulova_sholpan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7177-1369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сартаева</surname><given-names>К. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sartayeva</surname><given-names>K. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ю.н., профессор</p><p>Шымкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>c.l.s., professor</p><p>Shymkent</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galiya_1305@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4949-9522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бердиярова</surname><given-names>Ж. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berdiyarova</surname><given-names>Zh. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ю.н., ассоциированный профессор</p><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>c.l.s., associate professor</p><p>Aktau</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">berdiyarova_zhs@enu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1449-9941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ауешова</surname><given-names>Б. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aueshova</surname><given-names>B. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ю.н., ассоциированный профессор</p><p>Актау</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>c.l.s., associate professor</p><p>Aktau</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bagdataueshova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кызылординский университет им. Коркыт Ата,</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Казахстанский университет им. М.О. Ауэзова</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Auezov University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Евразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. Гумилева</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yessenov University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет им. Ш. Есенова</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yessenov University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3(16)</issue><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>163</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жумагулова Ш.Р., Сартаева К.Р., Бердиярова Ж.С., Ауешова Б.Т., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жумагулова Ш.Р., Сартаева К.Р., Бердиярова Ж.С., Ауешова Б.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhumagulova S.R., Sartayeva K.R., Berdiyarova Z.S., Aueshova B.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://esjl.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/890">https://esjl.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/890</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье исследуются проблемы уголовно-правовой квалификации деяний, в которых цифровые активы выступают предметом преступления либо используются как средство сокрытия преступного происхождения имущества в праве Республики Казахстан. Обосновано, что цифровой актив для уголовного права должен рассматриваться прежде всего как имущественная ценность, а не как чистая информация. Показано, что при хищении решающим является утрата потерпевшим контроля над активом, при мошенничестве – дефект воли, вызванный обманом или злоупотреблением доверием, а при легализации – наличие финансовых операций, направленных на придание правомерного вида происхождению и движению преступного актива. Сделан вывод, что действующее уголовное законодательство Казахстана уже содержит базовые нормы для охвата основных форм посягательств на цифровые активы, однако правоприменение нуждается в более точных критериях квалификации, единообразном подходе к цифровым следам и специальной методике доказывания. Установлено, что наибольшие трудности для практики связаны с определением предмета преступления, разграничением тайного изъятия и обманного завладения, установлением момента окончания хищения, а также доказыванием стоимости, контроля и происхождения цифрового актива. Предложена ориентированная на практику модель квалификации преступлений, связанных с цифровыми активами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines problems of criminal-law qualification of acts in which digital assets appear as the subject of crime or are used to conceal the criminal origin of property in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is substantiated that, for criminal law, a digital asset should be regarded first and foremost as a proprietary value rather than pure information. In theft, decisive significance attaches to the victim’s loss of control over the asset; in fraud, to a defect of will be caused by deception or abuse of trust; and in laundering, to financial operations aimed at giving a lawful appearance to the origin and movement of the asset. The current criminal legislation of Kazakhstan already contains norms capable of covering principal forms of encroachment upon digital assets; however, law enforcement requires clearer qualification criteria, a uniform approach to digital traces, and a special methodology of proof. The greatest difficulties in practice are connected with determining the subject of crime, distinguishing secret taking from taking by deceit, establishing the moment of completion of theft, and proving the value, control, and origin of the digital asset. A practice-oriented model for qualification of crimes related to digital assets is proposed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровой актив</kwd><kwd>криптоактив</kwd><kwd>криптовалюта</kwd><kwd>предмет преступления</kwd><kwd>хищение</kwd><kwd>мошенничество</kwd><kwd>легализация преступных доходов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>digital asset</kwd><kwd>crypto-asset</kwd><kwd>cryptocurrency</kwd><kwd>subject of crime</kwd><kwd>theft</kwd><kwd>fraud</kwd><kwd>laundering of criminal proceeds</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">On digital assets in the Republic of Kazakhstan Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan №. 193-VII LRK of February 6, 2023. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z2300000193 (accessed: 06.06.2026)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">On digital assets in the Republic of Kazakhstan. 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