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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esjl</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Eurasian Scientific Journal of Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Eurasian Scientific Journal of Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2959-4197</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-4200</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет «Туран»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46914/2959-4197-2026-1-3-285-299</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esjl-900</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ И СРАВНИТЕЛЬНОЕ ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL AND COMPARATIVE LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Институциональные и правовые механизмы защиты персональных данных при использовании искусственного интеллекта в Республике Казахстан: сравнительно-правовой анализ с европейской моделью</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Institutional and legal mechanisms for personal data protection within ai usage in Kazakhstan: a comparative legal analysis with the European model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5137-9835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дюсебаев</surname><given-names>Ж. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyussebayev</surname><given-names>Z. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докторант</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student</p><p> Almat</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">z.dyussebayev@turan-edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4710-0387</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рехсон</surname><given-names>C. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rehson</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ю.н., ассоциированный профессор</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, associate professor</p><p>Almat</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.rekhson@turan-edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5328-6443</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сабердинова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saberdinova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.ю.н., сениор-лектор</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>master of law, senior lecturer</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asaberdinova@turan-edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7666-8048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtseva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ю.н., профессор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>d.l.s., professor</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет «Туран»</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Turan University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный филиал Российского государственного университета правосудия им. В.М. Лебедева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western Branch of the Lebedev Russian State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3(16)</issue><fpage>285</fpage><lpage>299</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дюсебаев Ж.С., Рехсон C.Н., Сабердинова А.А., Кудрявцева А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дюсебаев Ж.С., Рехсон C.Н., Сабердинова А.А., Кудрявцева А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dyussebayev Z.S., Rehson S.N., Saberdinova A.A., Kudryavtseva A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://esjl.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/900">https://esjl.turan-edu.kz/jour/article/view/900</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проводится комплексный анализ институциональных и правовых механизмов защиты персональных данных при использовании технологий искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) в Республике Казахстан.Особое внимание уделяется сравнению с европейской моделью регулирования, в частности с Общим регламентом ЕС по защите данных (GDPR) и Регламентом об искусственном интеллекте (AI Act). Обоснована актуальность исследования в контексте масштабной цифровой трансформации Казахстана и реализации национальных стратегий в области ИИ. Цель работы – выявить правовые пробелы и противоречия между стимулированием инноваций в ИИ и гарантиями конфиденциальности личности. Методологической основой служатформально-юридический, сравнительно-правовой и институциональный подходы. Проанализированы ключевые нормативные акты Республики Казахстан, регулирующие отношения в сфере защиты персональныхданных, цифровизации и искусственного интеллекта, а также действующие стратегические документы. Особое внимание уделено взаимосвязи правового регулирования персональных данных, цифровых технологийи искусственного интеллекта. Установлено, что казахстанское законодательство активно синхронизируется севропейскими стандартами, вводя рискориентированную модель регулирования ИИ с запретами на дискриминационные алгоритмы. Однако выявлены и пробелы: недостаточное внимание к предварительной оценкерисков ИИ-систем, ограниченность институционального надзора и права на объяснение автоматизированныхрешений. Результаты исследования актуальны для совершенствования нормативной базы Казахстана в области цифрового суверенитета, ИИ и защиты персональных данных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article provides a comprehensive analysis of institutional and legal mechanisms for protecting personal data in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) usage in Kazakhstan, compared with the European regulatory framework. Special attention is given to the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the AI Act. The relevance of the study is justified by Kazakhstan’s large-scale digital transformation and national AI strategies. The study aims to identify legal gaps and conflicts between innovation incentives in AI and privacy guarantees. Methodologically, it employs formal-legal, comparative-legal, and institutional approaches. The key regulatory acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan governing relations in the field of personal data protection, digitalization, and artificial intelligence were analyzed, along with the current strategic documents. Particular attention was paid to the interrelationship between the legal regulation of personal data, digital technologies, and artificial intelligence. It is found that Kazakhstan is actively aligning with European standards, introducing a risk-based approach to AI regulation with bans on discriminatory algorithms. However, gaps are identified: insufficient attention to prior risk assessments, limited institutional oversight, and underdeveloped rights to explanations for automated decisions. The findings are relevant for improving Kazakhstan’s regulatory framework on digital sovereignty, AI, and data protection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>персональные данные</kwd><kwd>цифровой суверенитет</kwd><kwd>кибербезопасность</kwd><kwd>защита данных</kwd><kwd>регламент GDPR</kwd><kwd>законность обработки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>personal data</kwd><kwd>digital sovereignty</kwd><kwd>cybersecurity</kwd><kwd>data protection</kwd><kwd>GDPR</kwd><kwd>lawfulness of processing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Конституция Республики Казахстан: принята на республиканском референдуме 15 марта 2026 года // ИПС «Әділет». – 2026. 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