Investigative and tacit investigative actions: a systematic approach (according to the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan)

The Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan regulates investigative and covert investigative actions, yet some provisions are formulated ambiguously. This research argues that the current incorporation of covert investigative actions into criminal proceedings does not fully align with the principle of systematic organization of legal institutions. Legal consistency must be ensured not only in the formal structure of statutes but also within their individual components. The study’s scientific contribution is in identifying features of systematicity in investigative and covert procedures. Key outcomes include specific recommendations for enhancing the Criminal Procedure Code». The analysis shows that existing regulations sometimes conflict, compromising the coherence required for legally justified accusations. This work advances criminal procedure theory by clarifying the concept of systematic investigative and covert measures. Practically, the research lays a foundation for a unified approach to interpreting and applying the Code during pre-trial investigations, ensuring clarity, consistency, and efficiency in criminal case handling.

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