Legal aspects of Kazakhstan’s migration policy in the context of national security and foreign experience

The article examines the current state of Kazakhstan’s migration policy through the lens of national security and focuses on the transition from simple control and registration of violations to a more preventive system of migration management. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to introduce “digital filters” and predictive models into the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in order to regulate migration flows more effectively. The research is based on a comparative analysis of key strategic documents, including the Concept of Migration Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2023–2027 and the Concept of Migration Policy until 2030, as well as on the study of relevant foreign experience. Statistical data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms were also used to assess current migration trends. The analysis shows that the e-Visa and e-Qonaq systems currently function mainly as registration tools and do not fully use the analytical potential of Big Data. The authors propose introducing a “migration trust index” that links a foreigner’s legal status with tax and administrative discipline. This would help identify risk zones in advance.

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