International legal regulation of the illegal use of trademarks

International legal regulation of the illegal use of trademarks plays a key role in the protection of intellectual property rights. Despite the existing problems, such as differences in national legislation and insufficient international cooperation, there are real ways to solve them. Harmonization of legislation, enhanced cooperation and the use of modern technologies can significantly improve the effectiveness of the fight against counterfeiting, contributing to the protection of the interests of copyright holders and ensuring fair competition in the global market. In this article, the authors explore the key international legal mechanisms aimed at combating the illegal use of trademarks. They also examine the key issues and propose possible solutions. Particular emphasis is placed on criminal liability for the unlawful use of trademarks in both CIS member states and several countries adhering to the continental legal system (such as Lithuania, Spain, and Italy). The authors conclude that intellectual property protection in the Republic of Kazakhstan is grounded in a modern legal framework that aligns with international standards. Nevertheless, to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement, additional steps are required, including increasing the awareness of parties involved in legal relations, strengthening criminal and administrative penalties, and expanding international cooperation.

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