The concept and essence of interrogation in criminal proceedings and criminalistics

Over the past few years since the entry into force and application in criminal proceedings of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Kazakhstan, numerous additions and changes have been made to it, contributing to the improvement of legal proceedings. At the same time, a significant empirical array was formed, which is a rich source for scientific research and further improvement of criminal procedure. Practice shows that in the process of investigating crimes, interrogation is the most common investigative action. Every year, on average, 150,000 crimes are registered in the country. Dozens and sometimes even hundreds of citizens are interrogated in each criminal case: victims and witnesses, suspects and accused. Despite the success in the study of material evidence using special scientific knowledge, the testimony of citizens obtained during interrogation remains the main source of evidence about the event under investigation, its participants and the circumstances that contributed to the commission of the crime. The article provides the concept and classification of interrogation as one of the most common, and at the same time, complex type of investigative action. Its effectiveness is made up of a number of objective and subjective factors that can be reduced to two components of a single whole: strict observance of the law and the professional skills of the investigator, including his tactical and forensic knowledge and skills.

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