On the role of the institution of categorization of criminal offenses in combating crime

The theoretical and practical aspects of the importance of the institute of categorization of criminal offenses in the Republic of Kazakhstan in combating crime are considered. The authors analyzed the modern legal understanding and law enforcement of the institute of categorization of criminal offenses from the point of view of criminal legislation and the science of criminal law. The authors presented a number of novelties and recommendations for further improvement of law enforcement activities in the current criminal legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The difficulty for legal users lies, for example, in the fact that there are separate articles consisting of several parts, part of one article of which can be attributed to four different categories of crimes (for example, articles 120, 121, 122 of the Criminal Code refer simultaneously to crimes of medium, severe, especially grave severity; article 143 of the Criminal Code is less serious, grave means crimes of medium gravity, grave; Article 367 of the Criminal Code means all four categories of crimes at the same time: Part 1-less serious, part 2-medium gravity, part 3-serious crimes, etc.). This issue deserves detailed independent research and understanding. As a positive example, we will cite the legal technique used in Article 7-1 of the former Criminal Code of the Kazakh SSR “the concept of a grave crime”. The legislator of that period clearly defined the concept of a serious crime, since he compiled a list of all serious crimes falling under this category. This made it easier for law enforcement agencies to manage events in the process of work and to give the right qualifications for certain crimes committed, which, in turn, means the correct imposition of punishment.

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