The law “on probation in the Russian Federation”: final version and directions of development of penal enforcement law

The article describes some aspects of the discussion and adoption of the law “On Probation in the Russian Federation”. A comparative analysis of the version of the draft law submitted to the State Duma of the Russian Federation with the text of the adopted law is carried out and a number of changes are highlighted: the internal affairs bodies are charged with the obligation to interact with the penal enforcement inspections on the application of executive probation; the list of duties of persons for whom penitentiary probation is applied is reduced; etc. There are some issues that the authors of this article paid special attention to in 2021–2022 when discussing the draft law: the prevention of crimes as the purpose of probation, the correction of convicts, three types of probation (executive, penitentiary and post-penitentiary) and the mechanism of their implementation, including through the list of rights and obligations of probation subjects, members of the public and persons who in respect of which it is applied, etc. The adoption of this law has actually expanded the subject of penal enforcement law through probation measures as new grounds for interaction between convicts, institutions and bodies executing sentences, members of the public and other participants in penal enforcement relations. Further directions of the development of penal enforcement law are noted, due to the presence of theoretical and applied problems: the difference between the goals of probation from the goals of penal enforcement legislation, as well as the uncertainty of the criteria for assessing their achievement; the discrepancy between the legal status of convicts and persons to whom probation is applied; the use of probation measures in cases of natural disaster, the introduction of an emergency or martial law; etc .

1. Ermasov E.V., Degtjareva O.L. (2016) Voprosy sozdanija sluzhby probacii v Rossii // Zakon i pravo. No. 8. P. 74–76. (In Russian).

2. Utkin V.A. (2016) O perspektivah probacii v Rossii // Ugolovno-ispolnitel'naja sistema: pravo, jekonomika, upravlenie. No. 4. P. 5–8. (In Russian).

3. Antipov A.N., Strogovich Ju.N. (2021) Probacii v Rossii byt'. Proekt federal'nogo zakona «O probacii v Rossijskoj Federacii» // Pravo i obrazovanie. No. 10. P. 108–123. (In Russian).

4. Mel'nikova O.V. (2021) Sluzhba probacii - prioritetnoe napravlenie razvitija ugolovno-ispolnitel'noj sistemy rossijskogo gosudarstva // Pravo i gosudarstvo: teorija i praktika. No. 11(203). P. 220–222. (In Russian).

5. Golovastova Ju.A. (2016) Tendencija rasshirenija predmeta ugolovno-ispolnitel'nogo prava: metodologicheskie podhody // Biblioteka kriminalista. Nauchnyj zhurnal. No. 4(27). P. 80–84. (In Russian).

6. Davydova I.A. (2017) Teoreticheskie problemy pravovogo regulirovanija ispolnenija ugolovnyh nakazanij v trudah N.A. Struchkova i sovremennoe ugolovno-ispolnitel'noe pravo // Ugolovno-ispolnitel'noe pravo. T. 12. No. 2. P. 115–119. (In Russian).

7. Orlov V.N. (2018) Idei professora N.A. Struchkova i perspektivy razvitija ugolovno-ispolnitel'nogo prava // Ugolovno-ispolnitel'noe pravo. T. 13. No. 1. P. 8–13. (In Russian).

8. Skorik E.N. (2017) O nekotoryh problemah opredelenija kriteriev ocenki dostizhenija celej nakazanija // Vestnik Kuzbasskogo instituta. No. 2(31). P. 99–103. (In Russian).

9. Tepljashin P.V. (2014) Mnogokriterial'nyj podhod pri konkursnom otbore osuzhdennyh k uslovno- dosrochnomu osvobozhdeniju // Prolog. No. 4(8). P. 37–44. (In Russian)..

10. Obshhestvennyj kontrol' za obespecheniem prav osuzhdennyh k lisheniju svobody (problemy zakonodatel'stva): monografija / M.Ju. Voronin, Ju.A. Kashuba, T.V. Klenova, A.A. Krymov i dr.; pod red. A.P. Skiby. Rjazan': Akademija FSIN Rossii, 2021. (In Russian).

11. Ugolovno-ispolnitel'noe zakonodatel'stvo v uslovijah stihijnogo bedstvija, vvedenija chrezvychajnogo ili voennogo polozhenija: monografija / I.A. Efremova, Ju.A. Kashuba, V.N. Orlov i dr.; pod obshh. red. A.A. Krymova; pod nauch. red. A.P. Skiby; zhurnal «Rossijskij kriminologicheskij vzgljad». 4-e izd., ispravl. i dop. M.: Kriminologicheskaja biblioteka, 2022. (In Russian).